The Hackney Horse and Pony breed has experienced a significant decline, leading to its classification as “critical” on the Rare Breeds Survival Trust (RBST) Watchlist for 2025. The breed’s Effective Population Size, a key measure of genetic diversity, dropped sharply from 52 to 27, well below the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation’s concern threshold of 50. Additionally, the number of breeding females and breeders has decreased substantially, raising urgent conservation concerns. The RBST, in collaboration with the Hackney Horse Society, is intensifying efforts to halt this decline and preserve the breed, which is valued for its agility, history, and versatility in showing, jumping, dressage, and harness work.

While the Hackney and Cleveland Bay breeds face critical challenges, there is some positive news for other native UK equine breeds. The Suffolk Horse, Dales pony, Eriskay pony, and Exmoor pony have shown signs of population stability or growth. Overall, thirteen native equine breeds are listed as rare, highlighting their cultural importance and roles in modern equine activities and conservation. The RBST encourages owners and breeders to participate in breeding programs and support efforts to secure the future of these rare native breeds.