Botulism is a serious threat to horses caused by a neurotoxin released by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Type B botulism is the most concerning for horse health, causing over 80 percent of equine cases. Horses are highly susceptible to botulism, which can be transmitted through contaminated feed, hay, or wounds.

Symptoms of botulism in horses include muscle weakness, tremors, and paralysis, with the ability to stand being a key factor in survival. Prompt treatment with antitoxin is crucial, but prevention through vaccination is the most effective method. Vaccination is recommended for broodmares, horses in endemic areas, and those that consume round bales.

Good husbandry practices, such as avoiding moldy feed and keeping pastures clean, can help reduce the risk of botulism. Vaccination is the best way to protect horses from this deadly disease, with a series of initial doses followed by annual boosters. While the vaccine is not considered a core vaccine, it is essential for horses in high-risk situations to prevent botulism infection.