The Republican-controlled House passed a massive multitrillion-dollar tax cut and spending package, known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill,” just ahead of President Trump’s July 4 deadline. The 887-page bill extends Trump’s 2017 tax cuts, temporarily reduces taxes on tips and overtime, increases military spending, and funds mass deportation efforts, while offsetting costs with steep cuts to Medicaid, food aid, and clean energy programs. Despite initial resistance from some GOP holdouts concerned about Medicaid cuts and the growing deficit, Trump and Speaker Mike Johnson successfully rallied nearly all Republicans to support the bill, which is projected to add $3.3 trillion to the national debt over a decade and raise the debt ceiling by $5 trillion.
Democrats uniformly opposed the legislation, condemning it as a giveaway to the wealthy paid for by cutting vital social programs, and vowed to make it a central issue in the 2026 midterms. The bill passed the Senate 51-50 with Vice President JD Vance breaking the tie, using budget reconciliation to bypass the 60-vote filibuster threshold. Republican leaders celebrated the bill as a major achievement of Trump’s “America First” agenda, while critics highlighted the political pressure Trump exerted on dissenting Republicans, including threats of primary challenges. The bill’s official title was stripped of its original name after Democrats argued it was not budgetary in nature.
