The welfare of racehorses in South Africa has become a contentious issue, with the NSPCA criticizing longstanding industry practices such as the use of tongue-ties, crops, performance-enhancing drugs, and racing underage horses. The NSPCA argues these methods cause significant physical and emotional harm, calling for stricter penalties, banning harmful devices, and prioritizing horse welfare over commercial interests. They also highlight challenges in holding the National Horseracing Authority (NHA) accountable, accusing it of insufficient enforcement and exclusion from welfare oversight, while advocating for lifetime care and legal accountability under the Animals Protection Act.

In response, the NHA defends its regulatory framework, emphasizing its independence, ongoing welfare monitoring, and alignment with international standards. Officials argue that tools like tongue-ties and crops, when used correctly, enhance safety and control without causing pain, and that internal disciplinary measures are more effective than criminal charges. Voices from the racing community, including trainers and jockeys, acknowledge the need for reform but stress the importance of these practices for horse safety and performance. Both sides agree on the necessity of horse care and respect, yet differ on how best to balance welfare with the sport’s traditions and commercial realities, leaving the future of South African horse racing dependent on finding common ground.